There are links to 2 studies below, both utilising FMRI imaging to observe cortical activity whilst reflex areas (used in reflexology) were stimulated.
Nakamaru, Tomomi; Miura, Naoki; Fukushima, Ai; Kawashima, Ryuta
Neurosci. Lett. 2008 1 448 45906
The second link is to an article showing what happened when this study was repeated, but this time, as an extra control measure, half of the participants were given pseudo information about which reflex areas were being stimulated:
Miura, Naoki; Akitsuki, Yuko; Sekiguchi, Atsushi; Kawashima, Ryuta
BMC Complement Altern Med 2013 13 114
Links accessed 28 November 2025
